广西农村少数民族居民精神疾病流行病学分析

Mental disorders among minority people in rural areas of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

目的了解广西壮族自治区农村地区少数民族≥15岁居民各类精神疾病患病水平和分布特征。方法 2007年7-12月在广西5个少数民族自治县采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法抽取6 000名≥15岁居民进行入户调查,以复合性国际诊断问卷(CIDI)3.0为筛查工具,以国际疾病及相关健康问题分类第10版(ICD-10)为诊断标准。结果完成调查4743人,总调查完成率79.05%;广西农村地区少数民族居民精神疾病总时点患病率分别为:苗族11.12‰,侗族41.06‰,瑶族29.11‰,仫佬族34.11‰,毛南族29.51‰;总终生患病率分别为苗族12.13‰,侗族42.03‰,瑶族29.11‰,仫佬族39.96‰,毛南族29.51‰;各少数民族居民精神疾病主要为酒精依赖、抑郁和精神分裂症;各少数民族居民精神疾病总终生患病率性别、年龄、文化程度和婚姻状况分布差异有统计学意义。结论精神疾病已成为广西农村少数民族地区重大公共卫生问题。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and distribution of mental disorders among minority people in rural areas of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Methods From July to December,2007,6000 subjects aged more than 15 years were randomly selected from five autonomous counties by stratified multi-stage cluster sampling method.All subjects were investigated with a face-to-face interview.The Chinese version of Composite International Diagnostic Interview（CIDI 3.0） was used as the screening tool and the diagnoses were made with the 10th edition of International Classfication of Disease. Results Overall 4743 subjects（79.05%） completed the screening.The total prevalence of mental disorder among the people of different minorities was 11.12‰,with the prevalence of 41.06‰ for Dong,29.11‰ for Yao,34.11‰ for Mulan,and 29.51‰ for Maonan,and the total lifetime prevalence was 12.13‰ for Miao,42.03‰ for Dong,29.11‰ for Yao,39.96‰ for Mulam,and 29.51‰ for Maonan,respectirely.There were statistically significant differences in the total prevalence and the lifetime prevalence of mental disorders among the subjects of different gender,age,educational level,and marital status. Conclusion Mental disorder is a major public health problem among minorities in Guangxi.