高校教职工高血压危险因素病例对照研究

Risk factors of essential hypertension among university staff:a case-conrol study

目的了解湖北省某高校教职工高血压的危险因素,为高血压的防治提供参考依据。方法采用病例对照研究方法对湖北省某高校教职工中抽取的1 892例高血压患者及该校1 860名非高血压教职工进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测。结果病例组超重、肥胖、有糖尿病史、身体锻炼≥3次/周、高血糖、尿素偏高、高尿酸血症和高甘油三酯血症的比例分别为48.0%、16.1%、8.5%、34.0%、28.2%、16.1%、21.3%和41.2%;对照组分别为40.6%、8.0%、3.1%、29.9%、19.5%、11.0%、12.3%和36.8%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);2组教职工吸烟、饮酒情况差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果表明,肥胖、有糖尿病病史、高血糖、尿素偏高和高尿酸血症是高校教职工高血压的危险因素。结论肥胖、有糖尿病病史、血糖和尿酸偏高的高校教职工患高血压的危险性较大。

Objective To explore the risk factors of essential hypertension（EH） among university staff and to lay a foundation for etiological study and prevention of EH. Methods A population of faculty from an university in Wuhan was selected as the subjects to conduct a group matched case-control study（case=1892,control=1860）.All subjects were interviewed with a questionnaire and measured for blood pressure,height,weight and investigated for risk factors of life style（smoking and alcohol drinking）. Results The frequency of overweight,obesity,history of diabetes,taking physical excercise three times or more a week,hyperglycosemia,high blood urea nitrogen,and hyperuricacidemia in the case group was 48.0%,16.1%,8.5%,34.0%,28.2%,16.1%,and 21.3%,and 40.6%,8.0%,3.1%,29.9%,19.5%,11.0%,and 12.3% in the control group,respectively.There were significant differences in the variables between the two groups（P0.01 for all）.However,there were no significant differences in smoking,alcohol drinking,total cholesterol,and triglyeride（P0.05 for all）.The results of multivariant logistic regression showed that obesity,history of diabetes,hyperglycosemia,high blood urea nitrogen,and hyperuricacidemia were risk factors of essential hypertension after adjusting for confoundigng factors. Conclusion The university staff with obesity,history of diabetes,hyperglycosemia,high blood urea nitrogen,and hyperuricacidemia are susceptive to essential hypertension.