纳米氧化锡锑改性水性聚氨酯的制备与表征

Preparation and Characterization of Antimony Doped Tin Oxide Nanoparticle Modified Water-Borne Polyurethane

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚醚二醇(N-210)、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)、一缩二乙二醇(DEG)、三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)及纳米氧化锡锑(ATO)浆料为主要原料,制备了稳定的纳米ATO改性水性聚氨酯(APU)乳液。粒径测试及透射电子显微镜观察显示,纳米ATO在水性聚氨酯中分散较好,乳液粒径均小于100 nm;FTIR分析表明,纳米ATO粒子与水性聚氨酯(WPU)间可能存在化学键;热重分析(TGA)测试显示,随纳米ATO添加量的增加,胶膜最大热分解温度逐渐提高,最大提高了约20℃;紫外-可见-近红外吸收及保温性能测试表明,随着纳米ATO添加量的提高,胶膜在800～2500 nm范围的透过率逐渐降低,但涂层在可见光区透过率均超过70%,热阻率由1.34×10-2 m2.℃/W提高至3.17×10-2 m2.℃/W。

Waterborne polyurethane（WPU） emulsion modified by antimony doped tin oxide（ATO） nanoparticles（APU） was prepared with isophorone-diisocyanate（IPDI）,polyether diol（N-210）,dimethylol propionic acid（DMPA）,diethyleneglycol（DEG）,trimethylolpropane（TMP） and ATO nanoparticles.Particle size testing and electron transmission microscopy observation showed that ATO nanoparticles was dispersed well in WPU and emulsion particle size was less than 100 nm.FTIR analysis suggested that chemical interaction existed between ATO nanoparticles and WPU.It is found from thermogravimetric analysis（TGA） that the addition of ATO nanoparticles had improved the thermal stability of WPU with the maximum 20 ℃ increase of the maximum thermal decomposition temperature.UV-visible-near infrared absorption and thermal insulation performance tests showed that the film＇s transmittance at 800~2 500 nm gradually decreased with the increase of the ATO addition amount,while the coating transmittance in the visible region was still more than 70%.Moreover,the thermal resistance rate increased from 1.34×10-2 m2·℃/W to 3.17×10-2 m2·℃/W.