我国高速铁路沿线强风区间的确定方法及风险评估

Determining Method and Risk Assessment of Strong Wind Region along High-speed Railway in China

研究目的:高速铁路沿线强风区间的确定及风险评估,关系到安全防灾监测布点的科学性和采集瞬时风速和风向数据的代表性及可靠性,为行车指挥控制系统提供较为合理的限速指令信息,或为启动应急预案提供决策依据,从而达到安全、高效行车的目的。研究结论:高速铁路沿线任意里程距轨面4 m高处最大瞬时风速,2年一遇设计值V4_2max与10 mim平均最大风速和30年一遇设计值V4_30max其水平分布特征基本一致。提出以高速铁路沿线任意里程,距轨面4 m高处最大瞬时风速,2年一遇设计值V4_2max为强风区间的确定主控因素,对于强风主风向与线路走向之间夹角以及高路堤和高架桥、特大桥弯道强横风区间偏角<10°区域,必须进行逐步优化。利用基于最小二乘法的线性回归方程,对强风(阵风)系数进行计算后,发现方程的效果很好。从而验证了高速铁路沿线强风区间安全防灾系统布点原则优化的科学性,以及采集瞬时风速和风向数据的代表性及可靠性。为我国高速铁路强风区间布点方案优化和防风栅布设技术标准和规范的制定提供了科学依据。

Research purposes：The determining method and risk assessment of the strong wind region along high-speed railway relate to the scientificalness of distribution of monitoring spots for disaster prevention,to the representativeness and reliability of acquisition of data on instantaneous wind speed and wind direction and to providing reasonable speed-limit instructional information for a driving command and control system or to providing decision-making basis for starting up the emergency plan for the purpose of achieving the aim of ensuring safe and high-efficient railway traffic. Research conclusions：For the maximum instantaneous wind speed in the area where is 4 m high from the rail surface along the high-speed railway,the level distribution feature of the design value V_4_2max of the maximum instantaneous wind speed biennially is basically the same as that of the design value V_4_30max of the maximum average wind speed every thirty years.In this paper,it is proposed the design value V_4_2max of the maximum instantaneous wind speed biennially in any place where is 4 m high from the rail surface along the high-speed railway is the master control factor for determining the strong wind region,and the included angle（β） between the line orientation and the main wind direction and the deflection angle（smaller than 10°） of the strong wind regions of the high-filling embarkment,the viaduct and the curved conduit of bridge must be gradually optimized.The strong wind（gust） coefficient is calculated with the linear regression equation of least square method,getting good effect.Therefore,it proves the optimal scientificalness of the disaster prevention and distribution principle of the safety monitoring point in the strong wind region along the high-speed railway,and representativeness and reliability of the acquisition of data on the instantaneous wind speed and wind direction.It can provide the reference to optimizing the monitoring point distribution plan of the strong wind region along the high-speed railway in China and instituting the technical standard and criterion for the wind fence distribution.