有机物和重金属复合污染水体的修复植物筛选及修复性能

Hytoremediation of organic pollutants and heavy metals co-existed in water body

通过植物的采集、培育和选种,获得了海芋、合果芋、蜘蛛兰和密穗砖子苗等4种同时具备去碳、脱氮、除磷和积累重金属的高效修复植物,并对这些植物修复污染水体的性能进行了研究。结果表明,这4种植物均能有效地处理有机物和重金属复合污染水体。鲜重55-60g的植物,处理10L BOD5、COD_(Cr)、TP、TN、Cu^(2+)和Cr^(6+)浓度分别为140、280、6,8、40、10和10 mg·L^(-1)的模拟水样14d后,上述指标的去除率分别高达80%、72%、64%、53%、75%和68%以上,植物的促进作用分别为32%、27%、27%、28%、37%和19%以上。处理后水样的pH和DO分别为6.63～7.63和3.02～3.84 mg·L^(-1)。

Four species of plants, including Alocasia macrorrhiza, Syngonium podophyllum, Hymenocallis speciosa and Mariscus compactus, showing the ability in degradation of organic carbon, removal nitrogen and phosphorus, and accumulation heavy metals were selected and cultivated. Batch tests were carded out to study the removal potential of organic pollutants and heavy metals by these plants. The results indicated that they could improve the removal effeciency. After treating 10 liters of solutions by 55 to 60 grams of plants for 14 days, the removal effeciency exceeded 80%, 72%, 64%, 53%, 75% and 68% when the initial concentrations of BODs, CODer, TP, TN, Cu^2＋ and Cr^6＋ were 140 mg·L^-1, 280 mgoLl, 6.8 mg·L^-1, 40 mg·L^-1, 10 mg·L^-1 and 10 mg·L^-1, respectively. In comparison with the control experiments, the removals of these indexes were increased by above 32%, 27%, 27%, 28%, 37% and 19%, respectively. The pH and DO of effluent could be maintained at 6.63 to 7.63, and 3.02 mg·L^-1 to 3.84 mg·L^-1.