指称性主语的分类及其句法、语义特点——“自指性”主语与“转指性”主语探析

An Analysis of the Syntactic and Semantic Features of Two Types of Designative Subject:Self-Designation Subject vs. Transferred-Designation Subject in Chinese

本文在前人相关研究的基础上,依据形式标准将指称性主语划分为"自指性"主语与"转指性"主语两大类,以此分类为基础重点探讨转指性主语的语义类型及转指范围等问题。同时,尝试引进"谓词隐含"的观念,对转指性主语如何获得相对应的转指意义在句法上作出解释,并利用认知语言学中的"转喻"概念,从认知机制上对转指性VP如何实现指代[相对应的转指意义]的功能作出解释。最后,简要说明由这两类指称性主语语义类型的不同所带来的句法表现上的差异。

Based on relevant studies,this paper firstly divided the designative subject into two types：namely the self-designation subject（SDS） and the transferred-designation subject（TDS） according to the morphological criteria.Then on the basis of this classification,we focus on our discussion on some problems related to the semantic type of TDS,its scope,etc.Mean-while,from a point of view of cognitive mechanism,we try to give an explanation to the way the TDS acquired its transferred-designation by implying predicate syntactically,and how transferred-designation VP can realize its designative function that is used to express the transferred-designa-tion meaning by means of the concept of metonymy in cognitive grammar.Finally,we briefly account for the syntactic differences between the two types of designative subjects due to their different semantic features.