鲁滨逊能遵守规则吗?——关于个体论与集体论之争的解决

Can Robinson Crusoe Follow Rules?——The Dispute of Settlement Between Individualist and Collectivist

基于维特根斯坦的遵守规则理论,以鲁滨逊为例,分别论述了个体论者麦金和集体论者布鲁尔对于一个与世隔绝的鲁滨逊是否能遵守规则的看法。对于个体论者和集体论者来说,他们都认为与世隔绝的鲁滨逊能遵守规则,虽然前提一致,但产生的结论却大相径庭。对于个体论者来说,遵守规则的前提只不过是基于个体心理活动的一种意图,而对集体论者来说遵守规则必须是可共享的,它离不开社会及周围环境的影响。

This paper is based on Wittgenstein's theory of rule following.Taking Robinson Crusoe as an example,it respectively describes the individualist McGirm and collectivist Bloor's view of whether an isolated Robinson can follow rules.Both the individualist and collectivist believe that Robinson can follow rules in isolation.Although they have the same premises,the conclusions are quite different.For the individualist,the premise for following rules is just a kind of individual intention which is based on mental activities,while for collectivist the following of rules must be shared and cannot be separated from the society and the surrounding environment.