红花尔基自然保护区黑琴鸡越冬末期生境选择

Habitat selection of Lyrurus tetrix at its late wintering stage in Honghuaerji Nature Reserve,Inner Mongolia

2006—2009年的3月中上旬,利用样方法、因子测定法、卡方检验等方法对内蒙古红花尔基樟子松林国家级自然保护区的黑琴鸡越冬末期的生境选择进行了调查分析。结果表明:越冬末期,红花尔基保护区黑琴鸡栖息生境包括食物和隐蔽2个要素;栖息生境选择分为2个层次(大生境层次和小生境层次)和2个过程(栖息生境类型选择和栖息区域选择);栖息生境类型选择具有普遍性与特殊性,以樟子松林或樟子松混交林为主(80.3%);栖息区域选择通过地形因子和人为干扰因子来实现,倾向于选择低海拔(800～900m)、低坡度(<20°)、中下坡位、远离村镇(>12km)和公路(1～2km)及林缘(>600m)的区域。

By the methods of fixed-spot observation,GPS positioning,plot sampling measurement,factor analysis,and χ2 test,an investigation was made in early March,2006-2009 on the habitat selection of black grouse（Lyrurus tetrix）at its late wintering stage in Honghuaerji National Nature Reserve,Inner Mongolia.The key elements for the habitat selection were food and concealment.The habitat selection had two levels（macro-habitat and micro-habitat）and two processes（habitat type choice and habitat site choice）.The habitat type choice had the characters of universality and particularity,with the Mongolian pine,blackberry-Mongolian pine,and white birch-Mongolian pine forests as the main objects（80.3%）.As for habitat site choice,terrain factor and human disturbance factor were most important.The sites with low altitude（800-900 m）,low gradient（20°）,mid and lower slope,and far away from village（12 km）,road（1-2 km）,and forest edge（600 m）were more preferred by the black grouse.