上海市秋季蔬菜硝酸盐含量及风险摄入评估

Nitrate Contents in Autumn Vegetables and Assessment of Nitrate Intake in Shanghai

对上海市秋季蔬菜中硝酸盐的含量及居民硝酸盐摄入情况做分析和评估,于2009年9～11月从上海市松江、奉贤、金山和浦东4个区的采集了大棚和露地的25个品种439个蔬菜样品,用紫外分光光度法测定蔬菜的硝酸盐含量.结果表明,所有蔬菜样品中,污染程度严重的占41.46%,中、重度污染的占30.53%,轻度的占28.02%.不同种类蔬菜的硝酸盐含量从高到低依次为叶菜类、根茎类、瓜类、豆类、茄果类,同类蔬菜不同品种的硝酸盐含量差别也较大.浦东新区叶类、根茎类蔬菜硝酸盐含量大棚明显高于露地,奉贤区和松江区蔬菜硝酸盐含量均值都为露地高于大棚.上海市居民每日通过蔬菜摄入的硝酸盐为445.22 mg,比WHO/FAO的ADI值高出38.42%,研究结果表明需要加强蔬菜施肥的监督管理.

To analyze and assess the nitrate contents in Autumn vegetables and nitrate intake in Shanghai resident 25 groups and 439 various vegetables were collected and analyzed from the green houses and outdoors in Songjiang,Fengxian,Jinshan and Pudong of Shanghai during Sep.-Nov.,2009.Nitrate contents were analyzed by UV-spectrophotometer.The results showed that the prevalence of severe contamination was 41.46%,the prevalence of heavy and medium contamination was 30.53%,the prevalence of mild contamination was 28.02%.;the content of nitrate in vegetables was in the following descent order： leafy vegetables,root and stem vegetables,melons,egg plants,beans,the nitrate contents in different species differed greatly;the nitrate contents in leafy,root and stem vegetables with green-house planting were less than that of outdoor planting in Fengxian and Songjiang except Pudong and Jinshan.According to the assessment of nitrate intake,the average daily intake of local resident is 445.22 mg which exceeds ADI 38.42%,so limited standard and control are urgently needed.