肥料运筹对荔枝生长、品质及产量的影响

Effect of Fertilizer Application Strategy on the Growth, Quality and Yield of Litchi

开展了在荔枝不同生育期施以不同量肥料对其生长、品质及产量的影响研究,结果表明:重施采后肥能提高‘桂味’荔枝老熟秋梢叶片中N、P、K含量,促进‘妃子笑’荔枝老熟秋梢伸长长粗。不同施肥比例处理的荔枝果实中总氨基酸、药效氨基酸和必需氨基酸含量存在差别。‘桂味’荔枝果实可溶性糖、蛋白和固形物以及总游离氨基酸含量随采后肥施用量的增加而增加。‘妃子笑’荔枝以采后肥45%处理的果实品质最佳。‘桂味’和‘妃子笑’荔枝采后肥施用量为全年施肥量45%处理的其产量最高,效益最好。采后肥施肥量降低或提高均不同程度减产减收。

The effect of different fertilizer content on the growth,quality and yield of Litchi was carried out.The results showed that the foliar N,P and K nutrient contents of’Guiwei’Litchi in the mature autumn branches increased,the autumn branches of’Feizixiao’Litchi were longer and wider in heavy dressing at postharvest application period.There were some differences among total content of amino acids,pharmacodynamic amino acids and essential amino acids in variable treatments.The soluble sugar,soluble proteins,soluble solids and the total content of amino acids of’Guiwei’Litchi fruits increased with the increasing postharvest application while ’Feizixiao’Litchi fruits with high quality,high yield and high plantation benefited by applying 45% of the use rate.The same high yields and plantation benefited by applying 45% the use rate in’Guiwei’Litchi.The Litchi production and income decreased when postharvest application use rate increased or decreased.