汉语的句法结构和语用结构

Mapping from Pragmatic Structures to Syntactic Structures in Chinese

回顾汉语语法研究的历史可以看出,由赵元任先生首创、朱德熙先生完善了的汉语句法结构理论,为其后直至今日的汉语语法研究铺开了一条坚实而宽广的道路。这是因为,该理论准确把握了汉语句法结构的实质,即,更多地反映了汉语的语用结构,而不是语义结构的直接反映。文章用一些实例具体讨论汉语主谓结构、定中结构、述宾结构和述补结构与语用表达的关系。

The theory of the Chinese snytactic structures, initiated by Chao Yuenren and later perfected by Zhu Dexi, laid a solid foundation for the research on Chinese grammar. It grasped the essence of the Chinese sentence structure that, instead of the semantic structures, the Chinese syntactic structures map the pragmatic structures. The relation between the two was instantiated with structures such as the subject-predicate, the subordination, the verb-object and the verb-complement.