某部军事训练伤前瞻性流行病学研究

PROSPECTIVE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF MILITARY TRAINING WOUND IN A CERTAIN TROOP

目的：了解军事训练伤的发生规律与特点。方法：采用前瞻性流行病学研究方法，对某部１９９７ 年３ 月至１９９８ 年２ 月的军事训练伤进行调查。结果：该部军事训练伤的年度发生率为３０ ．０４ ％ ，上半年训练伤的发生率明显高于下半年，训练伤的发生率随年龄增加而逐渐下降，不同单位训练伤的发生率不同。在训练伤病例中以关节扭伤所占比例最大（３３ ．２１ ％ ） ，受伤部位以肘、腿、踝和腕部为主。受伤课目以战术训练和５ 公里越野跑等所占比例高（ 分别为３０ ．４２ ％ 和２４ ．４８ ％ ） ，受伤原因以技术不熟练和运动量过大等所占比例高（ 分别为３３ ．９２ ％ 和２３ ．０８ ％ ） 。结论：当前训练伤的防治工作重点为新兵，应采取适当干预措施，如遵守军训防护要求和防止超重强度训练。

Objective:To investigate the characteristics and regularity of training wound in a certain troop.Methods:Using prospective study, the authors carried out an investigation of training wound from March 1997 to February 1998.Results:The incidence rate of training wound in a year was 30.04 percent, and the incidence rate during the former half a year was much higher than that during the later half a year. The incidence rate decreased with the increase of the length of military service, and the incidence rates of various units were different. The ratio occupied by the cases who sprained their joints was the biggest of all(33.21%), and the wounded parts were predominant in elbow,leg, ankle and wrist. The main subjects that caused training wound were tactics training and field running of 5 kilometers (30.42% and 24.48% respectively). The wound was mainly caused by unfamiliarity to technology of exer-cise and excessive training (33.92% and 23.08% respectively). Conclusion:At present,prevention of training wound should be emphasized in new soldiers; interfering measures such as to obey the protective demand for military training and to avoid excessive training must be taken.