美国《全民健身计划》解读及对我国的启示

Interpretation of the National Fitness Program of the United States and its inspirations to China

《全民健身计划》是美国政府颁布的最新国民健康促进计划,其在目标、内容、实施策略方面均与传统健康政策有所不同,标志着美国相关政策的发展与转变。分析揭示促使《计划》颁布的外显和内隐因素,阐述《计划》在核心目标和实施策略方面的主要内容,指出《计划》与美国传统健康促进政策的不同。《计划》对我国的启示有两方面:一是全民健康政策应逐步实现从"全民健康"向"全面健身"的回归;二是应从执行机构设置、社会资源整合、区分实施对象等5个方面提高国民健康政策的可操作性。

The National Fitness Program is the latest national health promoting program promulgated by the US government,somewhat different from traditional health policies in terms of objective,content and implementation policy,indicating the development and transformation of related policies of the United States.Through their analy-sis,the authors revealed explicit and implicit factors that promoted the promulgation of the Program,expatiated on the main contents of the Program in terms of core objective and implementation policy,and pointed out that the Program is different from traditional health promoting policies of the United States.The Program has two inspira-tions to China： 1） national health policies should realize the return from ＂national health＂ to ＂overall fitness＂;2） how to enhance the operability of national health policies in fives aspects such as execution institution setup,social resource integration and implementation subject identification.