颞下间隙的断层影像解剖及临床意义

Sectional imaging anatomy and clinical significance of the infratemporal space

目的为颞下间隙疾病的影像诊断提供解剖学资料。方法选取成人尸体头颈部20例和40名健康者,分别沿眶耳线(OML)制成连续横断层面和计算机断层扫描(CT)影像,观察颞下间隙及其结构的解剖学关系,利用游标卡尺和求积仪分别测量其长径、横径和面积。结果颞下间隙的形态呈不规则状,在标本和CT影像上经冠突层面、茎突末端层面的面积分别为(1 034.50±3.32)mm2和(1 055.62±2.05)mm2、(345.84±1.89)mm2和(356.60±1.78)mm2。两侧颞下间隙及其结构呈对称性,长径、横径和面积差别均无统计学意义。自茎突至翼突内侧板后缘或翼突外侧板前缘的连线可区分颞下间隙与咽旁间隙,翼外肌、茎突、翼突内侧板和翼突外侧板是CT等影像诊断的重要解剖学标志。结论颞下间隙的断层影像解剖对颞下间隙肿瘤等疾病的影像诊断具有重要临床意义。

Objective To provide anatomical data for imaging diagnosis of the infratemporal space diseases.Methods Twenty pates of adult corpses and forty healthy person were selected,and continuous transverse tomography and computed tomography（CT） image were get along the orbitomeatal line（OML）.Anatomic relations between infratemporal space and its structures were observed and the length,width and area were measured with the vernier caliper and planimeter.Results The shape of infratemporal space was irregular-like.On the specimen and CT image,the areas of coronoid process and the end of styloid process were（1 034.50±3.32）mm2 and（1 055.62±2.05）mm2,（345.84±1.89）mm2 and（356.60±1.78）mm2 respectively.Ambi-infratemporal space and its structures were symmetrical;There were no significant differences in the length,width and area.Infratemporal space and parapharyngeal space were distinguished by the line from the styloid process to posterior edge of the medial pterygoid plate or the exterior edge of pterygoid plate.Lateral pterygoid,styloid process,medial pterygoid plate and lateral pterygoid plate were important anatomical marks for imaging diagnosis.Conclusion The sectional imaging anatomy of infratemporal space has an important clinical significance for imaging diagnosis for tumors in the infratemporal space.