天台宗“性具说”视域下的《中庸》——论■益大师对《中庸》的解读

"The Mean" Based on Vision of "Xing Ju Theory" of Tiantai Buddhist Sect——OuYi's interpretation on "The Mean"

明末高僧■益大师,早年诵读儒家经典,后入释门研习佛学,于佛法有成时又撰《四书■益解》,以佛释儒。其中的《中庸直指》透显出■益对《中庸》一书的独特见解。他以佛教天台宗"性具说"为理论基础,认为"天命之谓性"的"性"兼具善恶,由此而来的"道"有仁与不仁之分,故"修道之谓教"显得格外重要。而修教的法门是"慎独",目的是让"性"中本有的"诚"得以彰显。

OuYi lived in the end of the Ming Dynasty.When he was young,he learned the Confucian classics,but several years later,he became a Buddhist,then he studied the Buddhism.When he had made certain achievements,he began to write a book named ＂OuYi＇s Interpretation on the Four Books＂.＂Interpretation on The Mean＂ was one part of this book.In this part,OuYi based on vision of ＂Xing Ju Theory＂ of Tiantai Buddhist Sect,expressing some unique viewpoints： The ＂Human Nature＂ of ＂the mandate of heaven is Human Nature＂ includes the good and the evil;＂Dao＂ of ＂acting according to nature is Dao＂ includes the benevolence and the unfriendliness;＂cultivating Dao is Education＂ is very important;the approach of ＂Education＂ is ＂integrity maintenance without supervision＂ and the purpose of ＂Education＂ is keeping ＂Sincerity＂.