南水北调中线水源区移民社会资本损失与补偿分析

Immigrants' Loss and Compensation of Social Capital in the Reservoir Area of the Mid-Line Project of Diverting Water from the South to the North

移民损失补偿问题对移民生活稳定和南水北调工程的顺利发展具有重要的意义。南水北调中线工程移民是由中央政府、地方政府、市场精英、库区移民共同参与的社会过程,在此过程中,库区移民原有基于血缘、地缘而形成的稳定社会网络会部分丧失,政府补偿针对的仅仅是直接的经济损失,而忽略了社会资本的隐性损失,因此,对于南水北调中线水源区移民来说,应考虑社会资本损失和补偿问题:补偿移民和安置地居民,激励双方构建社会网络;测算社会网络的边界,实行边界范围内的整体迁移;让"正式网络"替代"非正式网络"的互助功能。

The compensation for the immigrants＇ loss is important to their stabl e live and project＇s performance.The immigrating is the social process perform ed jointly by the central government,local governments,market elites and immig rants,in which the immigrants＇ stable social network formed on the basis of co nsanguinity and geographical relationship will be lost partly,while the governm ent＇s compensation is just calculated on the basis of direct economic loss,whi ch ignores the implicit loss of social capital.Therefore,the compensation shou ld take the social capital＇s loss into consideration.In other words,the gover nment should compensate the immigrants and console the local residents to motiva te them to construct social network.At the same time,the government should fig ure out the boundary of social network to realize the whole immigration.