论财产保险合同的转让——兼评我国新《保险法》第49条

On the Transformation of Property Insurance Contracts

现代社会中,财产流转十分频繁。财产保险作为流转安全之保障,如果不能随财产及时流转,就会产生很多问题。保险合同具有特殊性,故其不仅应符合一般合同的要求,还应受到保险法中特殊规则的约束,其中最典型的就是保险利益原则。保险标的转让是否能引起保险合同的当然转让,各国及地区保险法中主要有"属人主义"、"从物主义"以及"折中主义"三种立法例。我国新《保险法》兼顾了"属人主义"与"从物主义",能较好地平衡保险人和受让人的利益,具有一定的进步性,但仍存在一些需要完善之处。

Property transformation is very common in modern society.There will be lots of problems if property insurance can not be transfered together with the property as the security of transformation.Insurance contracts are so special that they should not only meet the requirement of general contract but also be regulated with special rules of insurance law,among which the most typical rule is the principle of insurance interest.On the issue whether the transformation of insurance target can cause insurance contracts to be transferred or not,there are three legislation types in various countries and regions such as ＂people oriented approach＂,＂item oriented approach＂,and ＂compromise＂.The newly issued Insurance Law in China involves both ＂people oriented approach＂ and ＂item oriented approach＂,and can properly balance the interest between insurance applicants and acceptors.However,there are still some aspects that need perfecting.