中国森林生态系统服务功能及其价值评估

Assessment of Forest Ecosystem Services Value in China

根据全国第7次(2005—2009年)森林资源清查资料和森林生态系统研究网路(CFERN)台站多年连续观测数据,应用由国家林业局2008年发布的《森林生态系统服务功能评估规范》(LY/T1721-2008)对2009年全国及各省级行政区森林生态系统服务功能进行价值评估。结果表明:2009年我国森林生态系统服务功能总价值为10.01万亿元.a-1;各项森林生态系统服务功能价值表现为涵养水源>生物多样性保护>固碳释氧>保育土壤>净化大气环境>积累营养物质;森林生态系统服务总价值空间格局分布特点为:森林生态系统服务价值较大的区域主要分布在我国西南部地区(四川和云南)和东北地区(黑龙江和内蒙古)以及南部地区(广东、广西和福建),我国北方地区总价值普遍低于南方地区,东部地区普遍高于西部地区;单位面积价值量较高的区域主要分布在南部沿海地区(海南、广东和广西),较低的区域主要分布在西北地区(甘肃、青海、宁夏和新疆)和中部地区(天津、北京和河南)。

Based on data of the seventh national investigation of forest resource and multiple-years consecutive observation by the long-term Ecological Research Station affiliated to the Chinese Forest Ecosystem Research Network（CFERN）,the forest ecosystem services in China was evaluated by using the method of 《Specification for assessment of forest ecosystem service in China》（LY/T 1721—2008）,which was published by State Forestry Administration in 2008.The results showed that the total value of the forest ecosystem services in China was 100 147.61 × 108yuan.a-1 in 2009,and the value of the service functions of forest ecosystem was in an order of water conservation biodiversity protection C fixation and O2 generation soil conservation and fertility maintenance air purification nutriment accumulation.This research also assessed the value of forest ecosystem services in different provinces in China.The forests in southwest,northeast and south of China had relatively higher total valuation of forest ecosystem services.The forest ecosystem services in north China generally had higher total valuation than in the south.The value per unit area in the southern coastal areas was more than in the northwest and central region.This research could provide the scientific basis for the policy of sustainable development and the protection of forest resources.