语言事实与哲学眼光--谈语言研究的认识论基础

Linguistic Facts and Philosophical Perspective:On the Epistemological Basis of Linguistics

在语言理论的建构过程中,哲学眼光作为理性化的哲学智慧或科学研究过程中表现出来的"认识之思"在认识元思维层面上集中体现为四个过程,即认识到问题的存在、定义问题的性质、对有关问题的信息进行表征以及形成解决问题的策略。本研究通过对维特根斯坦语言游戏论、奥斯汀言语行为理论和乔姆斯基生成语言学理论建构过程的分析论证,语言学作为经验性科学可以从对语言事实的观察入手,然后经由上述四个元思维过程,逐步走向学科理论的建构,并进而对世界语言学产生影响。这一过程是哲学眼光指引下的取舍、抽象、深入、系统化的过程。

In the theorization of linguistics,the philosophical perspective which is regarded epistemologically as rationalized philosophical wisdom plays a leading role.Realized as four metathought processes in this theorization,the philosophical perspective serves to identify and define research problems,represent information about the research problems and form solutions to these problems.As a result of this perspective,linguistic theorization moves gradually from empirical observations and linguistic facts to abstract,profound and systematic theories of linguistics.