启蒙的结果与发展的代价

The Result of the Enlightenment and the Price of Development

霍克海默和阿多诺认为,启蒙作为彻底的神话,是通过现代工具理性主义的方式完成的,这也是现代科技理性占统治地位的结果。随着启蒙精神的日益膨胀,理性本身演变成了上帝,变成了一种难以抵抗的巨大的神秘力量和一般工具的化身,制约和统治着人们的生产与生活,造成了人与自然、人与人之间关系的异化。由此,霍克海默、阿多诺进一步认定,造成当代人类生存与发展困境的祸根还在于人类自身,在于人类过分放纵自己,缺少对人类自身实践活动的批判反思和自我管理。与此同时,从另一个侧面也向世人昭示了,人类并没有建立起一种与空前增长的自身能力和日益发达的物质生活相适应的当代精神文化样式。

Horkheimer and Adorno believe the Enlightenment as the thoroughly myth has been done through modern tools of rationalism way, which is also the result that the modern technical rational has taken the dominant place. With a rapid booming of the enlightenment spirit, reason itself has developed into God and become a great irresistible mysterious power and the embodiment of common instruments, restricted and ruled people＇s living and production and caused the alienation of both the relationship between man and nature and that between man and man. Therefore, Horkheimer and Adorno further consider that the curse caused difficulty in existence and development is human beings, who overindulge themselves, and lack of critical reflection on human activities and self- management. At the same time, shown to the whole world from the other side, human beings haven＇t established the contemporary cultural style which is associated with the unprecedented growth of their abilities and increasingly developed in physical life.