湖南省衡东县某高中部入学新生乙肝病毒感染状况调查

Investigation on Hepatitis B Virus Infection Among New Students of a Senior Middle School in Hengdong County,Hunan Province

目的了解近年来高中生乙肝病毒感染状况,为该人群的今后预防对策提供依据。方法选择某高中部2006-2009年入学新生2 756名,用酶联免疫吸附（ELISA）法检测乙肝HBsAg、抗-HBs、HBeAg、抗-HBe和抗-HBc。结果 2 756份血清标本中HBsAg阳性率为4.46%;2006-2009年阳性率为5.67%-2.73%;男女性别间阳性率为3.08%、2.3%。检测出HBsAg阳性123份血清标本中5种感染模式,以HBsAg、抗-HBe、抗-HBc三项阳性最高为47.15%,其次HBsAg、抗-HBc二项阳性为28.46%,HBsAg、HBeAg、抗-HBc三项阳性为16.26%,HBsAg、HBeAg二项阳性4.88%和HBsAg阳性为3.25%。结论近年来高中新生HBsAg感染率呈逐年下降趋势;HBsAg阳性者中HBeAg阳性率为21.14%,是可能导致乙肝病毒传播的危险因素,加强对HBV携带者的管理和采取乙肝疫苗预防接种等措施,对高中新生乙型肝炎防治具有重要意义。

Objective To investigate the incidence of HBV infection among new senior middle school students,and to provide the evidence for making preventive strategy. Methods Totally 2,756 new senior middle school students from 2006 to 2009 were selected as the target population,and the 5 HBV infection parameters,HBsAg,HBsAb,HBeAg,HBeAb and HBcAb were tested using ELISA method. Results Among the 2,756 samples,the positive HBsAg was detected in 123 samples,with the positive rate of 4.46%.From 2006 to 2009,the positive rate was declined from 5.67% to 2.73%.The positive rate of boys was 3.08%,and that of girls was 2.3%.As far as the infection pattern of HBsAg positive population,the results showed that the positive rate of HBsAg,HBcAb and HBeAb was 47.15%.The positive rate of HBsAg and HBcAb was 28.46%.The positive rate of HBsAg,HBeAg and HBcAb was 16.26%.The positive rate of HBsAg and HBeAg was 4.88%,and the positive rate of unique HBsAg was 3.25%. Conclusions The results suggest that HBV infection rate in new senior middle school students is reduced gradually in recent years.However,there is still relative high frequency of HBeAg positive rate（21.14%） among HBsAg positive population and it may be the risk for HBV transmission.Therefore,enhancement of the management of HBV carriers and hepatitis B immunization to new senior middle school students are necessary.