医院侵袭性真菌感染的菌种分类及临床分布

Classification and Clinical Distribution of Nosocomial Pathogenic Bacteria in Invasive Fungal Infection

目的了解医院内侵袭性真菌感染的流行病学特点,为减少真菌感染提供实验依据。方法回顾性分析2006-2009年住院患者真菌培养阳性的菌种分类、标本种类、疾病种类、科室分布等。结果 4年间共检出侵袭性真菌1 945株,总的检出率为17.0%,2006-2009年真菌的检出率分别为14.6%、15.7%、16.8%和21.2%。真菌种类以念珠菌属为主,占92.4%,以白色念珠菌居多,占60.5%;丝状菌占7.6%。检出的1 945株真菌主要分离自痰、尿和大便标本。真菌感染患者主要来自呼吸科、心血管内科、传染科、神经内科和ICU等科室。结论侵袭性真菌的检出率逐年升高,白色念珠菌仍是医院内侵袭性真菌感染的主要病原菌,非白色念珠菌和毛霉菌属引起的感染不断增加。

Objective To understand the epidemiological features of invasive fungal infection,and to provide the experimental evidence for reducing fungal infections. Methods According to the distribution of fungal species,specimen type,disease category,and department distribution,the positive cases of fungal cultures in the People＇s Hospital of Wugang from 2006 to 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Totally 1,945 strains of invasive fungi were detected during a fouryear period and the total detection rate was 17.0%.The detection rates of fungi from 2006 to 2009 were 14.6%,15.7%,16.8% and 21.2%,respectively.The main pathogen of invasive fungal infections was Candida spp.（92.4%） and Candida albicans was the most frequent organism,accounting for 60.5% of all the isolates.Filamentous fungi accounted for 7.6%.1,945 strains of fungi were isolated mainly from sputum,urine and stool specimens.The patients with invasive fungal infections were mainly from respiratory department,cardiovascular medicine department, infectious diseases department,neurology department,and ICU. Conclusions The detection rate of invasive fungi increased year by year,and Candida albicans was still the main pathogen of invasive fungal infections.Infections caused by non-Candida albicans and Mucor spp.were continuously increasing.