大型港口航运区特殊观测系统设计及应用

Special geometry design and application for shipping area in large-scale harbour

大型港口航运区地表复杂,在此类地区实施三维采集,将面临炮点和检波点严重缺失,目的层资料不完整,环境噪声大,中深层有效反射能量弱等诸多难题。本文尝试在港口区内进行特殊观测系统设计,其基本思路是:按照束状观测系统设计方案,结合区内的码头、航道、集装箱储运区和散货物流等地表、地物特点,利用高精度卫片和现场实地勘测成果,因地制宜地采用陆域和水域的合理拼接、非纵向观测、增加排列线密度、相同物理点多次激发和接收等针对性解决方案,进而总结出一套针对港口区的观测系统设计方法。将这套方法应用于BH港口区地震数据采集系统设计,取得了很好的效果。

The surface conditions in the shipping areas of large-scale harbour are complex,conducting 3D acquisition in those areas will face many challenges,such as serious deficiencies for shot points and receiver points,incomplete target data acquired,severe environment noise,weak effective reflection energy for the middle and deep layers and so on.This paper attempts to conduct special geometry design in those areas and the basic idea is as below: According to the design scheme for swath geometry,considering the features of surface and terrain for the harbor,navigation channel,container storage area and bulk logistics,and by using the high accuracy satellite pictures and field survey results,the targeted solutions,such as reasonable splicing for local land and water areas,off-line survey,multi shooting and receiving at the same physical point,increase of spread density and so on,were utilized,and then a set of special geometry design method for harbor areas was summarized.The Application of the method in the geometry design for acquisition of seismic data in BH harbor area proved its better effectiveness.