莫高窟第3窟壁画制作材料与工艺的无损检测分析

The materials and technology of non-destructive check-in method on wall-paintings of Cave 3 Mogao Grottoes

本研究采用高倍数码显微镜、拉曼光谱仪、X-荧光光谱仪、光纤光谱仪等便携式无损检测手段,对莫高窟第3窟壁画制作材料和工艺进行了初步分析。结果显示,高倍数码显微镜可观察壁画的表面的微观特征,X-荧光光谱仪可检测出颜料中的特征元素,拉曼光谱仪、光纤光谱仪分析中通过与标准图谱的比较,能够确定颜料的化学成分。因此,多种无损分析方法的联合运用,可取代原有的取样分析,达到对壁画制作材料、工艺认知的目的,减少了对文物本体的直接干预。

In case study,we were using non-destructive portable instruments,such as multiplication digital microscope,X-ray fluorescence spectrometer,Raman spectrophotometer and fiber optic spectrometer,analyzed the murals materials and technology of cave 3 of Mogao Grottoes.The results show that we can get the micro-characteristics of the mural surface from multiplication digital microscope,detect the characteristic element of the pigment from X-ray fluorescence spectrometer,and attain pigment chemistry composition by means of comparing with standard spectrum using Raman spectrophotometer and fiber optic spectrometer.Consequently,combined multiple non-destructive analysis means,which can replace the original sampling analysis methods,the same results will be obtained,as well as reducing the damage on the body of cultural relics.