2469名健康体检者中医体质的调查

TCM-based Constitution of 2469 Persons Who Attended Physical Health Examination

目的了解2 469名健康体检者中医体质的分布情况。方法采用中医体质问卷调查表对2 469例健康体检者进行中医体质的调查。结果 2 469名体检者的中医体质分布:湿热质20.8%,平和质20.5%,气虚质17.3%,痰湿质17.1%,阴虚质6.9%,阳虚质4.8%,气郁质3.8%,瘀血质3.2%,阳盛质2.9%,血虚质1.8%,特禀质0.8%,肾虚质0.2%。偏质(79.5%)所占比例显著高于平和质(20.5%)(P<0.05)。随着体检者年龄的增大,湿热质和痰湿质所占比例增加,平和质所占比例减少。年龄为(35.3±11.2)岁1种体质者所占比例显著高于年龄为(37.3±10.6)岁2种体质者、年龄为(35.3±8.6)岁3种体质者(P<0.05)。结论健康体检者的中医体质以偏质为主,且4大主要体质为湿热质、痰湿质、气虚质和平和质。随年龄的增大,平和质的人群减少,以湿热质和痰湿质为主的偏质人群增加。35岁左右的人群以1种体质为主。

Objective To understand the distribution of TCM-based constitution of 2 469 persons who attended physical health examination in our hospital.Methods A total of 2 469 persons were investigated by TCM-based constitution questionnaires.Results ShiRe constitution was present in 20.8% of the 2 469 persons,normal constitution in 20.5%,Qi deficiency constitution in 17.3%,TanShi constitution in 17.1%,Yin deficiency constitution in 6.9%,Yang deficiency constitution in 4.8%,Qi stagnation constitution in 3.8%,blood stasis constitution in 3.2%,YangSheng constitution in 2.9%,blood deficiency constitution in 1.8%,special constitution in 0.8%,and Shen deficiency constitution in 0.2%.The proportion of abnormal constitution（79.5%）was higher than that of normal constitution（20.5%）（P0.05）.The proportion of ShiRe constitution and TanShi constitution increased and the proportion of normal constitution decreased with increasing age.The proportion of persons with one constitution（mean age,35.3±11.2 years） was higher than that of persons with two constitution（mean age,37.3±10.6 years） or three constitution（mean age,35.3±8.6 years）（P0.05）.Conclusion Abnormal constitution is the main constitution among the 2 469 persons,and ShiRe constitution,Qi deficiency constitution,TanShi constitution and normal constitution are the major constitution.The proportion of normal constitution decreases and the proportion of abnormal constitution increases with increasing age.One constitution is the main type distribution in persons about 35 years of age.