陶寺遗址出土木炭研究

The Research on the Charcoals Unearthed from Taosi Site

2002～2007年发掘中采集的木炭样本进行分析和鉴定,它们分别属于25个树种,另有一个禾本科植物。当时遗址周边分布着针阔叶混交林、阔叶林、果树和禾本科植物。陶寺的居民利用松、柏作为建筑材料,还采集枣作为食物,部分窑炉使用黄栌属作为薪柴。当时此区域处于暖温带气候区,比现今偏暖湿。

From 2002 to 2007, 25 charcoal samples were collected in the archaeological excavations of Taosi Site, and were identified by means of reflected light microscope. The results showed that the charcoal fragments belonged to 25 wood species （including seven broad-leaved species unidentified） and one Gramineal species. This reflected that there was a distribution of coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest, broad-leaved forest, orchard trees and Gramineal plants nearby the site. During middle Taosi Culture period, the wood which the ancient people used the most for architecture was oriental arborvitae, followed by oak and Chinese pine; Oriental arborvitae, which was one kind of rare wood, was fetched from the locations far away from Taosi site for the palaces. It was sure that the ancient people collected jujube for food. Some kilns used common smoke-tree to bake potteries. Taosi Site was located in warm temperate zone with a warmer and more humid climate than that of the present during Taosi Culture period.