2001～2008年上海市虹口区产院新生儿首针乙肝疫苗接种情况分析

Analysis on The First Hepatitis B Vaccination for Newborns in Maternity Wards in Hongkou District of Shanghai City,China during 2001～2008

目的分析2001～2008年上海市虹口区产院新生儿首针乙肝疫苗的接种情况,为进一步完善新生儿乙肝免疫预防策略提供参考。方法对2001～2008年上海市虹口区所有产院新生儿的首针乙肝疫苗接种率、及时接种率、未及时接种原因以及母亲乙肝病毒抗原阳性的新生儿接种情况进行调查分析。结果 2001～2008年上海市虹口区产院新生儿乙肝疫苗各年首针接种率和及时接种率均>96%,其中本市新生儿与外来新生儿的乙肝疫苗首针接种率与及时接种率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);母亲乙肝病毒抗原阳性与阴性的新生儿乙肝疫苗接种率和及时接种率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);新生儿未能及时接种乙肝疫苗的原因,排在首位的是体重<2 500 g,占84.49%,其中,2 300 g≤体重<2 500 g者占所有未及时接种乙肝疫苗低体重儿的46.69%。结论建议适当放宽新生儿首针乙肝疫苗接种禁忌症的标准,将体重≥2 300 g作为首针乙肝疫苗的接种标准之一,提高新生儿首针乙肝疫苗的接种率和及时接种率。

Objective To analyze the first hepatitis B（HB） vaccination for newborns in maternity wards in Hongkou District of Shanghai City during 2001 ～ 2008,and provide a reference for further improvement of immune strategy of HB in newborns.Methods The HB vaccination rate,in time vaccination rate and cause for delayed vaccination,as well as the status of vaccination of newborns from HBsAg-positive mothers all the maternity wards in Hongkou District of Shanghai City during 2001 ～ 2008 were investigated and analyzed.Results Both the first vaccination rate and in time vaccination rate of HB vaccine in each year were more than 96%,which showed significant difference in domestic newborns and those from other places（P 0.05）.However,either vaccination rate or in time vaccination rate of newborns from HBsAg-positive and negative mothers showed no significant difference（P 0.05）.The first cause（84.49%） for delayed vaccination was the bodyweight（less than 2 500 g） of newborn,of which 46.69% were not less than 2 300 g.Conclusion We suggest that the bodyweight of not less than 2 300 g of a newborn should be included in the indication of HB vaccination so as to increase the vaccination rate and in time vaccination rate.