长沙地区住院儿童冠状病毒HKU1的感染状况及临床特征

Detection and clinical study on coronavirus HKU1 with acute lower respiratory tract infections of hospitalized children in Changsha

目的了解冠状病毒HKU1在长沙地区急性下呼吸道感染住院儿童中的感染状况及临床特征。方法采集2007年9月至2008年8月长沙地区因急性下呼吸道感染住院儿童鼻咽抽吸物（nasopharyngeal aspirates，NPA）样本1165份，用RT-PCR方法检测冠状病毒HKU1 pol基因，测序分析阳性扩增产物，统计分析临床资料。结果1165份NPA样本中，检测出12份冠状病毒HKU1，阳性率为1．03％（12／1165），患儿年龄最小8天，最大3岁，临床诊断多见支气管肺炎（83．33％），所测核苷酸序列与冠状病毒HKU1参考株同源性为98．18％～100％。结论冠状病毒HKU1阳性患儿年龄均在3岁及3岁以下；性别无差异；冬春季检出率高；单一基因型在长沙地区流行；HKU1也是我国儿童急性下呼吸道感染中的一种病原。

Objective In order to understand the epidemiological and virologic characteristics of coronavirus HKU1 infection in hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infection （ARTI） in Changsha. Methods 1165 nasopharyngeal aspirates （NPA） specimens were collected from hospitalized children with ARTI between September 2007 and August 2008 in Changsha. Specimens were screened for pol gene of coronavirus HKU1 by polymerase chain reaction. All positive amplification products were confirmed by sequeneing and compared with those in GenBank. Results Coronavirus HKU1 were detected in 12 patients （1.03%） out of the 1165 children. The patients were from 8 days to 3 years. The most common clinical diagnosis was bronchopneumonia（ 83. 33% ）. Similarity of coronavirus HKU1 with those published in the GenBank at nucleotide levels was 98.18%-100%. Conclusion Coronavirus HKU1 may be important pathogens in children with acute lower respiratory tract infection. Coronavirus HKU1 infections are common in children under 3 years old. There is no significant difference in the infectious rate between the boys and the girls. The peak of its prevalence is in spring and winter. A single genetic lineage of Coronavirus HKU1 was revealed in human subjects in Changsha.