兰州地区5岁以下婴幼儿病毒性腹泻的分子流行病学研究

Molecular and epidemiological study on viral diarrhea among infants in lanzhou

目的调查兰州地区5岁以下婴幼儿病毒性腹泻的流行情况，了解四种主要腹泻病毒在儿童中的分布情况。方法采集2009年7月至2010年6月兰州大学第一医院儿科5岁以下腹泻患儿粪便标本290份及儿童保健中心健康婴幼儿正常粪便标本114份，采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测轮状病毒抗原，采用巢式聚合酶链反应对轮状病毒阳性标本进行分型；采用反转录．聚合酶链反应（RT—PCR）检测杯状病毒和星状病毒，聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测腺病毒。结果290份腹泻标本中四种病毒的阳性率分别为：轮状病毒39．31％，杯状病毒11．38％，腺病毒10．69％，星状病毒4．83％；对114份轮状病毒阳性标本G、P分型，G3型及P[8]型为优势株；114份正常标本轮状病毒检出率为0，杯状病毒检出7例，星状病毒检出1例，腺病毒检出5例。结论病毒性病原在兰州地区婴幼儿腹泻中占有重要地位，长期系统的监测具有重要意义。

Objective To study the epidemiologic characteristics of viral diarrhea in children under 5 years old in Lanzhou, understand the four major virus in children of distribution. Methods In the first hospital of Lanzhou university from Jul 2009 to Jun 2010 ,we collected 290 stool specimens from children with diarrhea and 114 asymptomatic controls. Rotavirus was detected by ELISA, further strain characterization was carried out by nested PCR. The human calicivirus, astrovirus, adenovirus were detected by RT- multiplex PCR and PCR. Results At least one of the four viral agents was found in 60% of the specimens. Rotavirus,human calicivirus,adenovirus, and astrovirus were identified in 39.31% , 11.38% , 10. 69% , and 4. 83% in 290 specimens respectively. Rotavirus G3 was the most prevailing serotype,P [ 8 ] was the most common genotype. In the 114 control samples, 7 sample was positived for calicivirus, 5 samples were positived for human adenovirus and 1 sample was positived for astrovirus. Conclusion The results indicated clearly the impact of viral agents causing diarrhea and the importance of long-term systematic surveillance.