1340例老年人生存质量及影响因素的调查分析

Investigation and analysis quality of life and its influencing factors in the elderly

目的调查山西省长治市老年人生存质量，分析其影响因素。方法采用基本情况调查表、SF-36生存质量量表和自理能力量表和社区健康服务量表对长治市1340例老年人的生存质量、自理能力及社区健康服务现状进行调查，并对结果进行相关分析和逐步回归分析。结果共发放问卷1340份，有效问卷1328份（99．1％）。根据老年人生存质量划分标准，生存质量处于中等（72．1～117．0分）1308例（98．5％）。影响老年人群生存质量的主要因素是自理能力、健康状况、文化程度、经济收入和医疗支付形式；老年人对健康宣教、定期体检的需求高，老年人生存质量与社区健康服务需求情况呈负相关（P〈O．05）。生存质量与社区提供健康服务情况呈正相关（P〈0．05）。结论长治市老年人生存质量总体处于中等水平，老年人社区健康服务需求与社区实际提供服务情况存在较大差距。

Objective To investigate the status of life quality in the elderly in Shanxi Province Changzhi City, and to analyze its influencing factors. Methods The quality of life, activities of daily living and status of community services were measured simultaneously by 36-Item Short Form Health Survey （SF-36）. Activities of Daily Living Scale, Community Healthy Needs Scale and survey results were used and analyzed using t-test, correlation and stepwise regression analysis. Results According to the criterion of life quality in the elderly which were proposed by Zhang Lei, the quality of life in the elderly scored 72.1-117.0, reached 98.5%. The quality of life in the elderly was impacted by the ability of caring oneself, marital status, degree of culture, economic situation and so on. The demand rate for health guidance and periodic physical examination was higher. Conclusions The quality of life in the elderly is at a medium level. There is a wide gap between the demand of community healthy services and the utilization of community healthy services.