硫化矿石自燃灾害的脆性风险源

Brittleness risk source for spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores

为了对硫化矿石自燃灾害进行客观、有效地分析,找出引发矿石自燃的致灾因子及其相互影响关系,引入脆性理论研究硫化矿石自燃灾害。根据硫化矿石自燃分别与致灾系统和孕灾系统的脆性联系,建立矿石自燃灾害脆性关联分析模型,并依据自燃矿石的物理化学特性、矿井地下开采的特点,提出相应的脆性因子。最后以某高硫矿为例,计算硫化矿石自燃灾害与其致灾系统、孕灾系统间的脆性联系熵值和波动熵。研究结果表明:硫化矿石自燃灾害与其致灾系统、孕灾系统间的脆性联系熵分别为-0.220 7±0.081 1和-0.130 1±0.218 7;波动熵分别为0.151 9和0.319 8。研究结果表明:该矿井下孕灾环境是构成矿石自燃承灾系统脆性的根本原因;选用合理的采矿方法、降低矿石损失率、减少堆积时间及改善通风条件等是控制矿山自燃灾害事故发生的关键。

In order to make clear of the accidents caused by spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores and find out disaster-causing factors and risk sources as their well as relations,the theory of brittleness was applied to analyze brittle relation between disaster and spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores,and the brittle relational analysis model was constructed from two aspects of disaster-causing system and disaster-pregnant system.Furthermore,brittleness factors were also proposed according to the physicochemical properties of sulfide ores and characteristics of underground mining.Finally,on the basis of data from working fields and investigation results,taking a high sulfur mine in Anhui Province as example,the analysis was carried out.The results show that their entropies of brittle relation are equal to -0.220 7± 0.081 1 and -0.130 1±0.218 7,respectively.More exactly speaking,in this mine,the main brittle influence on its disaster of spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores is the working environment in the mine.Also,the results indicate that making better surroundings of disaster-pregnant can provide more room for controlling the occurrences of disaster.To put it more specifically,choosing reasonable mining methods,reducing ore lose rate and volume of ore dump are key to controlling disaster of spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores.