矢量水听器阵列虚拟阵元波束形成

Virtual array beamforming of vector hydrophones

在信号频率一定的情况下,常规波束形成方法需要通过增大基阵孔径来提高目标方位的估计精度,但这会受到实际工程应用的限制。在研究矢量水听器波束形成的基础上,提出了基于Taylor级数展开的虚拟阵元波束形成方法。该方法针对有限尺度双十字阵型的矢量水听器基阵,根据已知阵元接收的数据,运用Taylor级数展开方法估计虚拟阵元上的接收数据,使基阵孔径在虚拟意义上得以扩大。从而改善了阵列的波束性能,窄化主瓣和抑制旁瓣,实现了空间分辨率的提高。仿真和试验数据结果证明了该方法的有效性。

When estimation accuracy of target direction is required to be improved at certain frequency,the aperture of array must be increased in the conventional beamforming method,which suffers from the constraints in practical engineering applications.The method of virtual array beamforming using Taylor series expansion is proposed for beamforming of vector hydrophones.For a dual crossing array composed of vector hydrophones,the outputs of the virtual elements are estimated by the data received from real elements with Taylor series expansion,so that the aperture of the array is enlarged in virtual sense.Thus,the beam performance is improved,i.e.decreasing the main-lobe width and suppressing side-lobes.The effectiveness of this algorithm is verified by the simulation and lake trial data.