演唱中国民族歌剧唱段的要求及前期准备——以民族歌剧《党的女儿》中田玉梅的唱段为例

REQUIREMENTS AND PREPARATIONS BEFORE THE ACTUAL SINGING OF NATIONAL OPERAS OF CHINA——TAKE THE SINGING OF TIAN YUMEI IN THE DAUGHTER OF THE PARTY FOR INSTANCE

歌剧是一门以歌唱艺术为主的综合性艺术形式。因此,歌剧的演唱有着特定的要求。中国民族歌剧的演唱表演,有着与西方歌剧不同的要求,这是体裁特征及特有的音乐语言所决定的。演唱者必须对体裁、剧目、剧情、角色以及各种表现因素和它们之间的关系进行全面的了解和深入分析,才能准确恰当地塑造人物形象,达到良好的艺术效果。笔者通过对民族歌剧《党的女儿》中女主人公田玉梅唱段的演唱与表演为例,讨论一名演员在演唱歌剧唱段时应该必备的条件和要求以及需要做的准备工作。

Opera is a comprehensive artistic form in which singing is the most important.Therefore,its singing has specific requirements.The requirements of Chinese operas are different from those in western operas and are determined by stylistic features and special musical language.Singers should have a good understanding about the genre,play,plots,roles,all kinds of representing factors and the relationship between them,and should make a comprehensive and detailed analysis so as to create the images concisely and properly and to achieve good artistic effects.The author discusses the necessary conditions that a singer should have,the requirements for a singer and the preparations that a singer should make when singing by taking the singing and acting of the heroine Tian Yumei in The Daughter of the Party in the national opera for instance.