高校毕业生工作与学历匹配情况及其影响因素分析

Graduates' Education Degree and the Market Demand

本文使用高校毕业生就业调查数据,研究了我国高校毕业生实际学历与工作所需学历的匹配情况及其影响因素。总体来说,样本中约有57%的高校毕业生工作所需学历与自身学历相符,在剩余毕业生中,向上错配和向下错配的比例相当,不能认为存在过度教育。计量分析的结果表明,学校类型和学科门类等是影响学历匹配情况的重要因素,进一步的研究表明,专业不匹配和学历不匹配同时发生的可能性较大。因此,本文认为提高教育质量和调整学科结构是改善学历错配情况的有效措施。研究还表明,各影响因素对向上错配和向下错配的作用具有非对称性,有关部门在制定相关政策时,要考虑到这种差异。

This paper took the advantage of 3 times large scale survey of college graduates＇ employment to analyze the match situation of graduates＇ education degree with the demand of market.The main conclusions of this paper was：Among the graduates,about 57% found a job matching with their education degree,while among the others down-mismatch and up-mismatch were equal;Improvement of the subject structure and college quality were important measurement to improve such mismatch.