高等教育投资战略:基于泰国学生贷款的案例分析

Strategic Investment in Higher Education:The Case Studies on Student Loans in Thailand

泰国高等教育在过去10年中规模急剧地扩张,高等教育从精英教育阶段跨入到了大众化阶段。为了解决规模扩张过程中的财政紧张问题,政府在高等教育投资模式上选择了多元化投资战略,充分发挥市场和计划两种融资渠道,为高等教育提供充足的资源。为了增强教育的公平性,减缓经济困难学生的学习压力,泰国政府实施了国家助学贷款政策。国家助学贷款政策提高了家庭贫困学生接受高等教育的机会、缓解了学生学习负担、提供了交叉补贴和较为合理的收入预期,发挥了SLF学生贷款的持续作用。但泰国国家助学贷款政策在制度设计上还存在贷款回收率低下等一系列问题,贷款制度必须不断地完善创新以发挥更大潜力,使其变得更加富有效率、公平和鼓励竞争。

The scale of higher education in Thailand in the past decade has greatly enlarged,sharply expanding into higher education from elite to popular stage.In order to solve the expansion of financial constraints,the government has chosen the diversifying strategic investment in higher education and given full play to the two financing channels,namely market and plan to provide adequate financial resources for higher education.To enhance education equity,reduce the pressure of economic difficulties in learning,the Thai government implemented a national student loan policy.The national student loan policy has improved the family poor students＇ accesses to higher education,eased the burden of student learning and provided a cross-subsidization,a more reasonable income expectation and played a continuing role for the university students.However,there are some problems in the system design in the Thai national student loan policy.The loan system must continue to play a greater potential for reform and innovation and improved to make it more efficient,fair and encourage competition.