中国喀喇昆仑山毛茛科植物多样性及区系分析

Analysis on Species Diversity and Flora of Ranunculaceae in the Karakorum of China

研究表明,中国喀喇昆仑山地区毛茛科植物有12属28种及2变种;其中寡种属6属,单种属5属,两者占总属数的91.67%和总种数的67.86%,多种属仅1属;其特有现象不是很明显;植物生活型以地面芽植物为主,高达82.14%。其区系成分可划分为4个分布区类型和3个亚型,以温带成分为主,有9属,占总属数的75.0%,所含种数达50.0%,其中,以北温带分布及其变型占首位,其次为旧世界温带分布和温带亚洲分布型,缺乏热带分布型及中国特有分布型。与邻近地区相比,本区毛茛科与中国帕米尔高原的关系最为密切,其属、种相似系数最高,分别达78.57%和65.77%;其次,在属级水平与东喜马拉雅、阿富汗及青藏高原相似性也分别达到55.56%、47.62%、41.38%,但种级相似性系数较低,仅为5.15%~6.45%。

This paper presents the classification,distribution of Ranunculaceae.About 12 genera,28 species and 2 varieties of Ranunculaceae were recorded in Karakorum mountain of China.There are six oligotypic and five monotypic,accounting for 91.67% of genera and 67.86% of species respectively,and only one multiplicate genus.The proportion of hemicryptophyte is as high as 82.14%.The flora mainly includes temperate elements,which belong to four area-types and three subtypes,accounting for 75.0% of genera and 50.0% of species respectively,without tropic distribution and the Chinese unique distribution.Compared with the peripheral regions,on the level of genera and species,Ranunculaceae in this area showed the the highest similarity coefficient with the Pamirs plateau of China and the Karakorum mountain of China,accounting for 78.57% and 65.77% respectively,and on the level of genera,the similarity coefficient with the East Himalayan,Afghanistan,Qinghai-Tibetan plateau and the Karakorum mountain of China accounted for 55.56%,47.62%,41.38%,respectively.But on the level of species,the similarity coefficient was low,and accounting for 5.15% to 6.45% respectively.