秦岭终南山公路隧道2~#竖井施工对野生动植物及其生境的影响

Effect of the No.2 Tunnel Ventilation Shaft at Qinling Zhongnanshan Highway on Wildlife Habitat

秦岭终南山公路特长隧道2#通风竖井位于牛背梁自然保护区实验区,仅距核心区300余m,在其施工期间,采用样线法对该区域野生动植物及其生境的影响进行了持续3年的监测,结果显示:工程建设对鬣羚、斑羚、豹等重点保护野生动物的分布活动影响较大,以施工区为核心,在该区域形成了一个约1.5 km2的分布"空白区",但在施工后期,"空白区"面积出现了缩小趋势;工程建设对自然植被及其生态功能和流域内水生生物的影响较小。针对工程施工对野生动植物及其生境的影响现状,提出了后续工作重点和建议。

No.2 ventilation shaft in the long Qinling Zhongnanshan highway tunnel is located in experiment area of Niubeiliang Nature Reserve,only about 300 m to the core region.During the shaft construction,wildlife in this area had been monitored for three constant years with the line transect method.The conclusion shows that engineering construction had great influence on the key protected wildlife such as serow,goral and leopard,etc.A blank area about 1.5 km2 centering around construction area formed during the construction period but showed downtrend after the construction.The engineering construction had little influence on natural plants,their ecological function and aquatic organisms in the watershed.Based on the monitoring result,some measures for improving the wildlife and their habitat were put forward.