应用表面活性剂进行低渗透砂岩铀矿床地浸采铀的实验研究

Experimental Study of In Situ Leaching Uranium Mining for Low Permeable Sandstone Uranium Deposits Using Some Surfactant

低渗透砂岩铀矿床的地浸开采是目前的一个技术难题.以新疆某铀矿为对象,利用搅拌浸出和柱浸实验研究了表面活性剂在低渗透铀矿地浸开采中的应用.实验中采用10 g/LH2SO4溶液作溶浸剂,并加入不同量的表面活性剂P.搅拌浸出实验结果表明,溶浸液中加入不同浓度的表面活性剂均可提高铀浸出率,在表面活性剂P的浓度为10 mg/L时其铀浸出率最高,达到92.6%.柱浸实验表明,加入10 mg/L表面活性剂P时矿石渗透系数可提高28.8%,铀的浸出率可提高32%而达到85.79%.表面活性剂降低溶浸液的表面张力,促进了铀的溶解和提高铀浸出率.低渗透砂岩铀矿床可以在溶浸液中加入适当的表面活性剂进行地浸开采.

In-situ leaching mining of low-permeable sandstone uranium deposit is difficult in technology now.The application of surfactant to in-situ leaching uranium mining of low permeable sandstone uranium deposit was studied using agitation leaching and column leaching for some uranium deposit in Xinjiang,China.The leaching solutions were adopted 10 g/L H2SO4 with different concentrations of the surfactant P.The results from agitation leaching experiments show that adding surfactant P can enhance the leaching rate,and the leaching rate of uranium reaches the highest which is 92.6% at 10mg/L surfactant P.The results of column leaching show that the hydraulic conductivity of ore was increased by28.8%,and the leaching rate of uranium was increased by 32% which reached 85.79%,when the leaching solutions were added 10 mg/L surfactant P.The surfactant decreases the surface tension of solution,which further increases the wetting capacity of solution to ore,so the adding of surfactant P could promote the leaching of uranium and increase the leaching rate.For low permeable sandstone uranium deposit,the in-situ leaching mining may be operated through adding suitable surfactant into leaching solutions.