传染源控制为主的血吸虫病综合防治策略实施效果与费用—效果分析

Effectiveness and cost-effect analysis on the comprehensive measures with emphasis on infection source control for schistosomiasis control

目的评价以传染源控制为主的血吸虫病综合防治措施实施的效果及其费用一效果。方法在安徽省芜湖市选择1个较严重的血吸虫病流行村实施传染源控制、综合治理和卫生血防项目等综合防治措施,通过2年措施的实施,观察其防治血吸虫病效果及费用-效果情况。结果试点村人群感染率下降了100.0%,有螺环境感染螺密度和钉螺感染率分别下降了 90.8%和80.8%;每百人感染率下降1%的费用为658元,每千平方米有螺环境感染螺密度下降1%的费用为475元,每千平方米有螺环境钉螺感染率下降1%的费用为534元。结论实施以传染源控制为主的综合防治策略具有很好的预防血吸虫病效果;降低有螺环境活螺密度所需的费用明显高于控制感染螺密度的费用,提示在目前经济状况下实施以传染源控制为主的综合防治策略具有较好的费用—效果。

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effect on the comprehensive measures with emphasis on infection source control for schistosomiasis control. Methods One higher endemic village was chosen to implement comprehensive schistosomiasis control measures, including infection sources control, environmental modification, and other prevention and control measures for the disease implemented by public health measures, and the effectiveness and cost-effect were evaluated two years later. Results The infection rate of schistosomiasis of the residents reduced by 100. 0% , the density of infection snails reduced by 90. 8% , and the infection rate of snails reduced by 80. 8%. The cost of the infection rate reducing 1% for 100 persons was 658 Yuan, the cost of the infected snail density reducing 1% for 1 km2 area with snails was 475 Yuan, and the cost of the infection rate of snail reducing 1% for lkm2 area with snails was 534 Yuan. Conclusion The comprehensive measures with emphasis on infection source control were effective for schistosomiasis control. The cost of reducing the living snail density was much higher than that of reducing the infected snail density, which illustrated that it could get satisfactory cost-effect to implement the comprehensive measures under the current economic situations.