艾叶油的呼吸系统药理研究Ⅰ,支气管扩张、镇咳和祛痰作用

Studies on the respiratory pharmacology of essential oil extracted from Artemisia argyi-Ⅰ,Bronchodilating, antitussive and expectorant effects

目的 :探讨艾叶油的扩张气道平滑肌、镇咳、祛痰作用及机制。方法 :采用哮喘发作潜伏期、肺机械功能及离体气管平滑肌松弛试验 ,观察艾叶油的支气管扩张作用 ;用豚鼠枸橼酸引咳法和小鼠气道酚红排泄法观察艾叶油的镇咳祛痰作用。结果 :艾叶油ig或气雾吸入对组胺和乙酰胆碱引起的豚鼠哮喘具有保护作用 ,明显延长哮喘潜伏期 ;并呈剂量依赖保护致敏豚鼠抗原攻击引起的呼吸频率、潮气量和气道流速改变 ;松弛静息豚鼠离体气管平滑肌 ;呈剂量依赖抑制枸橼酸引起的豚鼠咳嗽反应和促进小鼠气道酚红排泄。结论 :综上结果表明艾叶油具有支气管扩张、镇咳和祛痰作用 ,是一个从中药中提取的安全有效的支气管哮喘和慢性气管炎治疗药物。

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the bronchodilating,antitussive and expectorant effects of essential oil extracted from Artemisia argyi.METHOD:Bronchodilating effects were investigated with bronchospasm induced by histamine aerosol,pulmonary mechanics changes induced by ovalbumin aerosol in vivo and isolated resting tracheal contraction in vitro in guinea pig,antitussive and expectorant effects were studied with citric acid induced cough in guinea pig and excretion of phenol red in the airway of mice.RESULTS:The oil of Artemisia argyi by ig or aerosol protected guinea pigs from bronchospasm induced by histamine and acetylcholine and remarkably prolonged their collapse time(ID 50 :0.26g/kg, 0.28 mg/kg).Oil of Artemisia argyi by ig dose dependently prevented the alteration of respiratory frequency,tidal volume and flow rate induced by antigen challenge in the sensitized guinea pigs,relaxed the rest isolated tracheal smooth muscle(pD 2:3.66);dose dependently inhibited the citric acid induced cough in guinea pigs;dose dependently increased the excretion of phenol red in the airway of mice.CONCLUSION:These results indicate that oil of Artemisia argyi has a certain pharmacological effects on bronchodilatation,antitussive and expectorant.