焦化汽油加氢装置反应系统结垢原因分析及对策

CAUSES OF FOULING AT THE REACTION SYSTEM OF COKER GASOLINE HYDROFINING UNIT AND COUNTERMEASURES

针对中国石化茂名分公司焦化汽油加氢装置反应系统压降升速过快、循环氢压缩机发生喘振、装置运行周期短等问题,对换热器和反应器系统压降进行分析,认为高压换热器壳程和反应器结垢是造成装置系统压降上升快的主要原因。通过对垢物组成进行分析,发现焦化汽油原料中二烯烃缩合及胶质缩合生焦是垢物生成的主要原因。通过采取加强原料管理、扩大反应器上床层容垢能力和优化操作等手段,可以有效减缓原料在高压换热器和反应器顶部的结垢速率,延长装置的生产周期。

Due to the excessive pressure drop of reaction system, unstable running of recycle hydrogen compressor and short processing period of the 500 kt/a coker gasoline hydrofining unit in SINOPEC Maoming Company,an analysis of the pressure drop in heat exchanger and reactor was carried out. Results showed that fouling happened in the shell side of the high pressure heat exchanger and the top section of reactor was the main cause of the excessive pressure drop. By analyzing the fouling materials, it was found that coke formed by the condensation reactions of dienes and resin existed in the feed was the main component of the fouling materials. Measures,such as properly controlling the feed quality, using guard catalyst, increase the porosity of the reactor top section and optimizing operation conditions,could significantly decrease the coking rate of feed,and the operation period of the unit was prolonged.