雌激素对大鼠创面愈合过程中微血管形成的影响及其机制

The roles of estrogen in the process of angiogenesis during wound healing and its mechanisms

目的观察雌激素对大鼠全层皮肤缺损创面愈合过程中微小血管再形成的影响。方法将40只雌性Wistar大鼠随机分成3组：单纯损伤组15只（A组），去卵巢组15只（B组）和假手术组10只（c组）。8周后，在背部制成全层全损皮肤创伤愈合模型，分别于伤后1、3、7、14和21d记录3组各个时间点伤腔容积，并在创缘取材。常规组织学观察皮肤愈合过程和微血管的数量，同时采用雌激素p受体（ER-p）进行免疫组织化学染色，观察微血管及周围细胞受体的染色。结果比较各个时间点的伤腔容积，单纯损伤组和假手术组大鼠创面内肉芽组织形成量明显大于去卵巢组，组织学评分略高于去卵巢大鼠；而单纯损伤组和假手术组之间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。卵巢切除大鼠伤后各时间点，真皮内微小血管的数量较单纯损伤组减少，各组均于伤后7d，随着成纤维细胞和毛细血管数目的增加，肉芽组织生长达到高峰。同时，各损伤组创基内微小血管周围均出现较为幼稚的细胞，其表面可以表达ER．B，但卵巢切除组（159．91±12．65）稍弱于单纯损伤组（189．36±27．32），差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论大鼠去卵巢后创面愈合速度明显减慢与微血管形成有关，雌激素及其受体在该过程中有重要作用。

Objective To investigate the effect of estrogen on the revascularization of full-thick- ness skin wounds healing in rats. Methods Forty 2-month-old female Wistar rats were divided into three groups ： control group （ group A, pure injury, n = 15 ）, ovariectomized group （ group B, n = 15 ） and sham operation group （group C,n = 10）. After 8 weeks, full-thickness wounds model, 18 mm in diameter, were made on the back of the each animal. The volume of wound was measured at each time point. The speci- mens of wound edge were obtained at the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th and 21st day after injury. The process of wound healing and the number of microvessels in the granulation tissue were evaluated by Haematine-Eosin （HE） staining. The immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of estrogen receptor [3 （ER-13） in microvascular endothehal cells and their surrounding ceUs. Results To compare the volume of wound at each time point, the granulation tissue formation in group A and group C was significantly higher than that in group B, but there was no significant difference between group A and group C. The number of capillary blood vessels in group B was significantly reduced as compared with that in group A. The expres- sion of ER-[3 was positive on the cells surface in all groups. ER-[3 expression in group B was weaker than ingroupA（159.91±12.65v, s189.36±27.32,P〈O. 05）. Conclusion Thedelayofwoundhealingin ovariectomized rats has a great relationship with angiogenesis. Estrogen and its receptor might play impor- tant roles in the process.