海底油气渗漏浅表层声学探测技术

ACOUSTIC DETECTION TECHNIQUES FOR SEABED HYDROCARBON SEEPAGE

海底油气渗漏是海洋环境中广泛存在的自然现象,探测海底油气渗漏信息对海洋油气资源勘探与开发具有重要意义。目前,通过海底浅表层声学探测所获取的声学微地貌与剖面反射特征是油气渗漏研究的主要证据。对海底油气渗漏的形成环境、浅表层声学技术在渗漏探测中的发展与现状、渗漏产生的地貌形态与浅地层反射剖面特征等进行了系统讨论与分析。结合国内外应用实例,对不同海区声学探测方法、参数选择以及渗漏特征进行了归纳总结,指出应综合多种资料进行渗漏异常分析,并发展有针对性的数据处理方法。

Seabed hydrocarbon seepage is widely distributed in marine environment. To detect the hydrocarbon seepage is of great significance for exploration and development of marine oil and gas resources. In the meantime, acoustic reflection characteristics of sonar image and subbottom profile are the main approaches to detect seepage. In the paper, we made a comprehensive review and systematic discussion on the origin of the seabed hydrocarbon seepage, the development and current status of shallow acoustic detection technology used for detection of seabed hydrocarbon seepage, and the acoustic reflection characteristics of sonar image and subbottom profile. We summarized in this paper the use of acoustic detection methods, their preferences and seepage characteristics in different sea areas around the world. It is suggested that integrated study using different methods are required for seepage detection, in addition to the development of targeted method for data processing.