冬季项目运动员运动性损伤预防与治疗的研究

Research on the Prevention and Treatment of Winter Sports Athletes' Sports Injury

优秀的冬季项目运动员是推动冬季项目的发展主力军,但严重的运动损伤将使运动员丧失应有的作用,预防与治疗运动性损伤对延长其"运动生命",推动冬季项目的可持续发展具有重大意义。运动性损伤的项目特征表现为高山滑雪、自由式滑雪空中技巧与短道速滑运动员在训练中产生的运动性伤害最为严重,骨折、脑颈部损伤和大腿割伤时有发生;短道速滑、冰球运动员在比赛中产生的运动性伤害多为脑部损伤、骨折和颈部割伤等。损伤的类型呈现出多样化,但膝关节损伤具有普遍性特征;运动员准备活动不充分、身体疲劳、身体素质发展不均衡、教练员科学训练水平不够等是导致损伤的原因。阐述了运动员损伤的非手术与手术疗法,提出发挥"五位一体"的综合优势,积极预防运动员损伤的发生。

An elite winter sports athlete may advance the winter sports development,but bad sport injury will deprive him of the role and result in a great social affect and economic loss to the individual.It＇s significant for advancing the sustainable development of winter sports and prolonging the athletic sports life to prevent and treat the sports injury.The item characteristics of sports injury shows that the alpine skiers,freestyle aerials skiers and short track speed skaters＇ sports injury from the training are the worst,the fracture,head-neck injury and thigh cut happening from time to time;the short track speed skaters and ice hockey players＇ sports injury from the competition are the worst,the head injury,fracture and neck cut are more.The article indicates that the injury types take on diversification and the knee injury is familiar.The causation of sports injury relates to the warm-up being inadequate,the physical fatigue,the unbalanced growth of physical quality and the coaches＇ ability of scientific training being lacking.For actively preventing the happening of sports injury,it expatiates on the un-operative and therapy and suggests bringing the advantage of ＂integrating the five aspects＂ into play.