校园内不同绿地类型降温增湿效应研究

THE EFFECTS OF REDUCING TEMPERATURE AND INCREASING HUMIDITY BY DIFFERENT GREEN LANDS IN INNER MONGOLIA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY

于2008年内蒙古农业大学东校区内,选择乔+灌+草、乔+草和草坪3种绿地类型和对照水泥地,对校园内不同绿地类型的降温增湿效应以及不同绿地类型的大气温度、地表温度、空气相对湿度的日变化进行了对比分析研究。结果表明:在校园的3种绿地配置中,不论是乔+灌+草、乔+草还是草坪,相对于水泥地面来说,都有明显的降低地面及大气温度,增加空气湿度的作用,尤其在1d中温度最高、空气湿度最小的中午作用更明显。观测期间,乔+灌+草、乔+草、草坪对于大气温度的平均降温率分别为10.1%、8.3%、6.6%;对于地面的平均温度的降温率分别为43.6%、41.4%、31.3%;对于大气湿度的平均增湿率分别为44.3%、29.8%、16.5%。乔+灌+草复层结构降温增湿效应最大,而且养护成本较低,因此在校园绿化建设中应该适当增加其所占比例。

Effects of reducing temperature and increasing humidity of different green lands were studied in the eastern campus of Inner Mongolia agricultural University.Four green lands were selected for the different underlying surface.The results shows that： comparing with the naked and cement land,three green land such as tree＋ shrub＋ herb,tree＋herb and lawn all has obvious effects of reducing temperature and increasing humidity,especially in the noon when the effects reached the peak.The average reducing range of air temperature were 10.1%,8.3% and 6.6% for the tree＋ shrub＋ herb,tree＋herb and lawn respectively.The effects of reducing top soil temperature were more directly for the three green lands,The average reducing range of top soil temperature were 43.6%,41.4%,31.3%,the average increasing range of air humidity were 44.3%,29.8%,16.5% for the tree＋ shrub＋ herb,tree＋herb and lawn respectively.Tree＋ shrub＋ herb was the most important and economic green lands distribution considering of ecological and economical effects.