农村丧葬仪式复杂化与农村文明——以陕西省陕北地区为例

On the Complication of Rural Funeral Services and the Rural Civilization——the North Shaanxi Chosen as a Case

随着农业税和农业特产税的取消,农村社会的独立性越来越强,农民的收入也在不断提高,但是农民收入并没有得到有效合理利用,丧葬仪式越趋复杂化即是突出表现。当前丧葬仪式复杂化主要表现在农村社会的风水观念依然严重,跪拜礼太过讲究,亲属关系复杂化,丧葬程序不断增加。丧葬仪式复杂化,把大量资源和金钱花在死者身上,使农村本就有限的资源得不到有效配置,甚至是严重浪费,无论对于农村的物质文明建设、精神文明建设、政治文明建设,还是社会文明建设、生态文明建设都只有负面影响,没有积极作用,使得文明农村建设受到严重制约。要提倡节葬,反对不合理的丧葬程序和仪式,彻底解决这个问题是个长期而艰巨的任务。

With both the agricultural tax and the tax for special local products canceled in our country,the rural communities are getting more and more independent and the farmers ＇ income is increasing.The income of theirs,however,has not been used effectively and rationally.The increasingly complicated rural funeral services can be regarded as a prominent case.Four things exist in the current rural funeral services that mainly show the complication： the concept of geomantic omen remains serious;the rites of bowing and a bending of the knees are fastidious;the relationship between the relatives become complicated;and the funeral programs keep increasing.The complication of rural funeral services,namely,wasting substantial resources and money on the dead,has caused the limited rural resources to fail in effective distribution or beseverely wasted,which has produced quite negative effects on the rural material civilization building,the rural spiritual civilization building,the rural political civilization building,the rural social civilization building and the rural ecological civilization building,made the civilized village building severely restricted.So it is advised to encourage funeral frugality and oppose any unreasonable funeral procedure and ceremony.And completely resolving this problem is thought to be a long-term and very tough task.