时间助词“来_4”和“以来”辨析

The Differences of Temporal Auxiliaries "Lai" and "Yilai"

基于第二语言教学的实际,首先把"来4"①和"以来"的词性界定为时间助词,然后分析了二者的句法语义差异,也指出了"来4"和"以来"的替换条件。对二者的各种差异进行了语义和认知解释,指出"来4"用于经历体、凸显时点,"以来"用于起始体、凸显时段,不同意"来4"由"以来"省略而来的说法。

This article is based on the reality of second language teaching.First,the word class of ＂lai＂ and ＂yilai ＂ are defined as temporal auxiliaries;then,the differences of syntax and semantics between them are analyzed and substitute conditions between the two words are pointed out.Semantic and cognitive differences are explained,and it points out that ＂lai＂ is used in experiential aspect and its prominence is inception.＂yilai＂ is used in inchoative aspect and its prominence is the period of time.The author does not agree the view that＂lai＂ is the abbreviation for ＂yilai＂.