从“灌输”转向“对话”：高校德育课教学理念的嬗变

Turn Indoctrination to Dialogue ：the Alteration of Moral Education Idea in University

教学理念陈旧是导致高校德育教学效能偏低的深层原因。在“灌输”理念主导之下．师生之间充斥着权力的关系、交流对话异化为单向传输思想、追求思想复制再现。灌输限制了学生思想的发展、智慧的生成。“对话”体现了一种平等关系、持介入的态度、关注意义的建构生成，符合大学生思想道德发展规律．能够真正促成师生的理解与共同成长。实践“对话式”思想道德教育要确立自主生成、价值平等、价值引导与自主建构统一的新理念；具体操作应以教师角色转变为起点，以情景建构、鼓励学生表达为突破。以更新评价为动力。尤为重要的是，高校德育教师应真正成为一名合格的“价值教育的教师”。

Dated education idea is a deep-seated reason which leads to inefficient moral education. Under the control of the idea of ＂indoctrination＂, the relation between teachers and students has already drowned into the stress of authority; communication has also altered into one-way mind transportation from teachers to students, and only purchasing simple repeating of ideas. Indoctrination, is limiting students＇ development of mentality and intelligence. But dialogue, in the other hand, shows other attitudes like equality, focusing on building significance through the way of intervention. It is a perfect way to develop mentality and moral for undergraduates, which will promote understanding and growing together between both teachers and students. The soul of practicing the mentality and moral education about ＂dialogue＂ is to develop a new theory of combining independence, equality, inducting of value, and self-building together. It should start with shifting teachers＇ character, break through sense building and expression encouragement, and drive by evaluation updating. The most important of all, teachers of value education indeed.