输油管道弯头穿孔泄漏数值模拟

Numerical Simulation on the Perforation Leakage of Oil Elbow Pipe

我国在役输油管道经过多年冲刷及腐蚀后,存在安全隐患,使得对输油管道泄漏事故的研究具有重要的现实意义。基于计算流体力学方法,采用有限容积法,建立管道泄漏控制方程,研究不同输送速度及泄漏孔径对泄漏后管内压强分布及泄漏量的影响。结果表明:泄漏孔径一定,输送速度分别与管内压强和泄漏量成正、负相关,泄漏口下游存在局部高压区;输送速度一定,泄漏孔径分别与管内压强和泄漏量成负、正相关,局部高压区的强度降低、范围减小。实际工作中可以采用一定方法增大管内输送速度或增大泄漏口径,从而减少实际的原油泄漏量。

China＇s oil-pipeline in service exists potential hazards after years of scouring and corroding,so making a research on pipeline leaking accidents is of practical significance.Based on the computational fluid dynamics method and finite volume method,a pipeline leakage control equation is established to study the influence of different transfer speed and leakage aperture on pipe pressure distribution and leakage rate.Results show that,when the leakage aperture is fixed,the transfer speed has a positive correlation with the pipe pressure and a negative one with the leakage rate,there exists a local high-pressure zone below the leakage mouth;when the transfer speed is fixed,the leakage aperture has a positive correlation with the leakage rate and a negative one with the pipe pressure,the local high-pressure zone will become smaller and the pressure in this zone will be reduced.In practical work,certain method can be used to reduce the oil leakage according to the study result.