交通主观安全感和客观安全感的博弈

A Game between Traffic Subjective Sense of Safety and Traffic Objective Sense of Safety

安全交通行为主要表现在道路客观条件和道路使用者的交通安全意识的博弈。综述和评价交通心理领域主要的风险理论,行为-态度理论和任务-能力交互理论,总结出影响主观安全感和客观安全感的潜在因素和交互作用产生的博弈心理,试图揭示交通事故发生的个体层面的原因。分析结果表明:驾驶员安全驾驶行为是受到客观安全感(包括对路况、线性和道路环境等的评估)和个体主观安全感(主要是个性特征),这2种安全感的博弈共同影响着安全驾驶行为。

Main risk theories,attitude-behavior models and task-capability models used in the traffic psychology field are reviewed and evaluated.Potential factors affecting subjective sense of safety and objective sense of safety and the game psychology caused by their interaction are summed up,so as to reveal the causes of traffic accidents from the aspect of individual.Analysis shows that driver＇s driving behavior is affected by subjective sense of safety（mainly individual characters） and objective sense of safety（including road,linearity and surroundings around road）,which jointly affect driving behavior through their interplay.